DAY 28

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)





**Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)** is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder that affects how a person perceives and interacts with the world. It is characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication, and the presence of repetitive behaviors. 


### Key Characteristics of ASD:


1. **Social Communication Difficulties:**

   - Difficulty understanding social cues and nonverbal communication.

   - Challenges in initiating and maintaining relationships.

   - Struggles with engaging in back-and-forth conversations.


2. **Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors:**

   - Engaging in repetitive actions, such as hand-flapping, rocking, or arranging objects.

   - A strong preference for sameness and established routines.

   - Having narrow but intense interests.


3. **Sensory Sensitivities:**

   - Over-sensitivity or under-sensitivity to sensory stimuli, which can include sounds, textures, or light.







### Causes of ASD:


The exact causes of Autism Spectrum Disorder are not fully understood; however, research indicates that a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors contributes to its development.


### Treatment and Support:


While there is no cure for ASD, early intervention and ongoing support can significantly enhance an individual’s quality of life. Treatment approaches often include:


- **Behavioral Therapy:** To target specific behaviors and improve social skills.

- **Speech Therapy:** To enhance communication abilities.

- **Occupational Therapy:** To develop daily living skills.

- **Educational Interventions:** Providing specialized education and support in schools.

- **Medication:** To manage co-occurring conditions like anxiety or depression.

 

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